The verb ser is one of the most important verbs in Portuguese. It translates to "to be" and is generally used to talk about permanent states, characteristics, and identities. Here are its present tense forms and its foundational rules.
Use ser when following the subject with a noun to identify people, animals, or objects. Note that when stating someone's profession, indefinite articles (a/an) are omitted in Portuguese.
When ser is followed by a pronoun or a plural noun, the verb often agrees with what follows it rather than the subject that precedes it.
Use ser with adjectives to describe qualities that are permanent or inherent to a person, place, or thing.
Unlike Spanish, Portuguese uses ser (or the verb ficar) to indicate the permanent location of immovable objects or places, like buildings and streets.
Finally, ser is used to specify current dates, times, distances, or when events take place.
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