In Spanish, verbs ending in –ir that undergo a stem change in the Present Tense fall into three distinct patterns. Just like other stem-changing verbs, the change occurs in the root of the verb in all forms except for nosotros (we) and vosotros (you all).
The three patterns are:
For these verbs, the e in the stem changes to ie when stressed. A classic example is preferir (to prefer).
Conjugation of preferir:
Common verbs in this group include:
These verbs are unique to the –ir conjugation group. The e in the stem changes to i. The model verb for this group is pedir (to ask for/to order).
Conjugation of pedir:
High-frequency verbs in this group include:
Verbs ending in -guir (like seguir):
To preserve the hard "g" sound before an "a" or "o", you must drop the silent "u". Therefore, the yo form is written without the "u".
Example: seguir → Yo sigo (I follow), Tú sigues, Él sigue.
Verbs reír and sonreír:
These verbs always carry a written accent on the stressed í to break the diphthong, even in the stem-changed forms.
Example: Yo río, Tú ríes, Él ríe.
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